Activity 1 - How can we measure impact?

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1. Consider - Consider the following questions as a way to measure the historical impact of events in history:
   1. Severity - Did the conflict escalate or de-escalate tensions in the Cold War in Asia?
   2. Scope - Did the conflict increase or decrease the scale of the Cold War in Asia?
   3. Nature - Did the conflict change the nature of the Cold War in Asia?
   4. Range - Did the conflict change the geographic reach of the Cold War in Asia?
   5. Dynamics - Did the conflict solve or increase underlying tensions?
2. Groups - Get into three groups. Each group will research how the Soviet-Afghan War impacted on one of the following areas, recording your research on this worksheet:
   1. The Cold War - How did the war impact the Cold War or the superpowers? 
   2. Afghanistan - How was Afghanistan impacted by the conflict in the short and long-term?
   3. The World - How were other nations and the world impacted by the conflict?

Group 1 - The Impact on the Cold War

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1. Research - Use some of the following sources to help you research the impact of the conflict on this area:
   1. F Barnes, G. (2012). The Soviet-Afghan War, pp. 86-91
   2. Afghanistan | Boundless World History
   3. Afghanistan: End of the Era of Detente  
   4. The short term consequences of the war - The Soviet invasion of Afghanistan
   5. The War in Afghanistan and its Effects on the Soviet Economy | Guided History

Group 2 - The Impact on Afghanistan

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1. Research - Use some of the following sources to help you research the impact of the conflict on this area:
   1. Fremont-Barnes, G. (2012). Osprey Essential Histories: The Soviet-Afghan War 1979-89, pp. 86-91
   2. Afghanistan: Soviet invasion and civil war | Mass Atrocity Endings 
   3. Children of war: the real casualties of the Afghan conflict
   4. Impact of Soviet and US War on Afghan Society with special reference to Rural Life – Criterion Quarterly
   5. Barnett Rubin on the Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan and the Rise of the Taliban   
   6. Afghans seek reparations from Russia for Soviet invasion and its consequences
   7. Afghan Civil War (1989–1992); Afghan Civil War (1992–1996); Afghan Civil War (1996–2001)    ​

Group 3 - The Impact on the Wider World

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1. Research - Use some of the following sources to help you research the impact of the conflict on this area:
   1. The Soviet invasion of Afghanistan and the Arab World
   2. Effects - Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan 
   3. Frankenstein the CIA created | Yemen 
   4. Fremont-Barnes, G. (2012). Osprey Essential Histories: The Soviet-Afghan War 1979-89, pp. 86-91
   5. Tajikistan and the Ambiguous Impact of the Soviet-Afghan War 
   6. Terrorism Havens: Afghanistan 
   7. Al-Qaeda Has Been at War With the United States for 20 Years ​

Further Reading

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OBLIGATORY READING

1. Williamson, D.G. (2015). Access to History for the IB Diploma - The Cold War, pp. 252-253

RECOMMENDED READING

1. Fremont-Barnes, G. (2012). Osprey Essential Histories: The Soviet-Afghan War 1979-89, pp. 86-91

SUPPLEMENTAL READING

1. Afghanistan: End of the Era of Detente

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